Joan
of Arc at
the stake
Saint Joan of Arc Center: http://www.stjoan-center.com/
This is a massive compilation of links to
primary texts,
books, plays, movies, artwork, notable quotes attributed to Joan, FAQs
including the miracles accepted by the Vatican attributed to Joan.
Saint
Joan of Arc's Trial of
Condemnation
The
1903 English translation was updated into modern English usage by
Mathias Gabel
of Trebur Germany
and Carlyn Iuzzolino.
http://www.stjoan-center.com/Trials/
Saint Joan of Arc's Trial of Nullification: It was not until nearly twenty years
after the death of Jeanne d'Arc that any attempt was made by those in
authority
to vindicate her memory or even to acknowledge the services she had
rendered to
the kingdom
of France. In
1450, however, after the
occupation of Normandy and the
submission of
the town of Rouen,
the idea appeared to have occurred to Charles VII. that to suffer the
stigma of
heresy and witchcraft to rest on the name of the Maid of Orleans, who
had
"led him to his anointing," was to throw a doubt upon his own
orthodoxy, and to justify the taunt of his enemies that he had been the
mere
tool of "a lyme of the Fiend." On February 13th, 1450, therefore, he
issued a Declaration empowering one of his Counselors, Guillaume
Bouillé, to
inquire into the conduct of the Trial undertaken against Jeanne by "our
ancient enemies the English," who, "against reason, had cruelly put
her to death," and to report the result of his investigations to the
Council.
http://www.stjoan-center.com/Trials/index.html#nullification
Medieval Sourcebook: The Trial of
Joan of Arc, 1431 : Joan
of Arc is the most phenomenal and attractive
personage of the Hundred Years' War on either side. Those whom she led
to
victory believed that she was inspired of God, and the English, not
denying her
inspiration, believed that it was of the devil. A full and authentic
report of
her trial remains, and from it is extracted the passage in which she
answers
questions relative to her Voices. She maintained that she raised the
siege of Orleans
in obedience to
the divine call, and that all her important acts were prompted by a
voice from
heaven. Her trial for witchcraft at Rouen
was
conducted by Peter Cauchon, Bishop of Beauvais,
to whom she had been handed over by the English for that purpose. She
was
little more than nineteen years old at the date of her execution. From: Charles W. Colby, ed., Selections
from the Sources of English History, B.C. 55 - A.D. 1832 (London:
Longmans, Green, 1920), pp. 113-117 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1431joantrial.html
Medieval Sourcebook: The Trial of
Joan of Arc
THE TRIAL OF JEANNE D'ARC TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH FROM THE
ORIGINAL LATIN AND FRENCH DOCUMENTS BY W. P. BARRETT WITH AN
ESSAY On
the Trial of Jeanne d'Arc AND Dramatis Personae, BIOGRAPHICAL
SKETCHES
OF THE TRIAL JUDGES AND OTHER PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE
MAID'S
CAREER, TRIAL AND DEATH By PIERRE CHAMPION TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH
BY
COLEY TAYLOR AND RUTH H. KERR ILLUSTRATIONS BY FRANK P. RENNIE GOTHAM HOUSE, INC. 1932
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/joanofarc-trial.html
Joan of Arc: It was the morning of March 14,
1431. Joan
of Arc, age 19, was standing trial for heresy. She had no
lawyer. Her
chief accuser - Pierre Cauchon - was also her judge. Cauchon, a Bishop
of the
Catholic Church, was a man whose strongest loyalties were to himself
and to his
own ambitions. After three weeks of cross examination, Cauchon had not
broken
Joan of Arc. With incredible courage, Joan warned her accuser to "take
heed"
that he "not judge [her] wrongfully." Cauchon threatened Joan with
death by burning if she were found guilty of heresy, but Joan reminded
him of
eternal penalties if he continued to be unfair and biased in his
responsibilities.What facts had brought this young woman to trial? On
whose
authority was she being tried without legal representation? What crimes
could
she have committed that resulted in a charge of heresy, among other
things? To
understand the trial, and the basis of the charges
against
Joan, we have to take a trip back to the Middle Ages. We have to
examine what
life was like back then. We have to understand who Joan of Arc was, and
why her
story still fascinates us centuries later. http://www.lawbuzz.com/justice/joanof_arc/joanof_arc.htm
Coat of Arms of Jeanne d'Arc: Jeanne
d'Arc (Joan of Arc in English) was born in Domrémy (Lorraine) in
1412, daughter of Jacques d'Arc
and Isabelle Romée (died 1458). She played a major (and somewhat
mysterious)
role in rallying the flagging forces of Charles VII against the English
occupier in 1429, leading her troups to breaking the siege of
Orléans and
having Charles VII officially crowned king in Reims the same year. She
was
later captured and sold to the English, who burned her at the stake for
heresy
and perjury in 1431, in Rouen.
Her case was officially reopened and the sentence annulled in 1456. http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/jeannedarc.htm
Trial of Joan of Arc
(painting by Frederick Rae)
THE TRIAL OF JOAN OF ARC,
Being the verbatim report of
the proceedings from the Orleans Manuscript, translated by W.S.
Scott, 1956,
Associated Book Sellers. The International Joan of Arc Societyπs
on-line
edition of the 1431 trial record is edited by Dr. Jane Marie Pinzino
with
permission of Royal Folio Society. See
Associated Book Sellersπ original hardcover edition for Scottπs
critical
apparatus. http://smu.edu/ijas/1431trial.html
The Trial of Joan of
Arc; Translated and
Introduced by
Daniel Hobbins
No account is more critical to our understanding of Joan of
Arc than the
contemporary record of her trial in 1431. Convened at Rouen and
directed by bishop Pierre Cauchon,
the trial culminated in Joan's public execution for heresy. The trial
record,
which sometimes preserves Joan's very words, unveils her life,
character,
visions, and motives in fascinating detail. Here is one of our richest
sources
for the life of a medieval woman.
This new translation, the first in fifty years, is based on
the full record
of the trial proceedings in Latin. Recent scholarship dates this text
to the year
of the trial itself, thereby lending it a greater claim to authority
than had
traditionally been assumed. Contemporary documents copied into the
trial
furnish a guide to political developments in Joan's career—from her
capture to
the attempts to control public opinion following her execution. Daniel
Hobbins
sets the trial in its legal and historical context. In exploring Joan's
place
in fifteenth-century society, he suggests that her claims to divine
revelation
conformed to a recognizable profile of holy women in her culture, yet
Joan
broke this mold by embracing a military lifestyle. By combining the
roles of
visionary and of military leader, Joan astonished contemporaries and
still
fascinates us today. Obscured by the passing of centuries and distorted
by the
lens of modern cinema, the story of the historical Joan of Arc comes
vividly to
life once again. http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HOBTRI.html
Joan of Arc Archive: http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/ includes letters dictated by Joan http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/joanofarc_letters.html
as well as other articles, book reviews, trial information andother
links etc.
International Joan of Arc Society:
http://smu.edu/ijas/pinzino.html includes a map, Joan in film and music, as
well as other bibliographies and texts
Catholic Encyclopedia: Saint Joan of
Arc http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm
The Fleur de Lis Symbol
http://www.fleurdelis.com/fleur.htm
The Cross of Lorraine Symbol
http://www.oradour.info/appendix/frefranc.htm
Maid of Heaven: All about
Joan of Arc http://www.maidofheaven.com/
http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc.asp
http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_long_biography.asp
http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_timeline_history.asp
http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_quotes_autobiography.asp
Hundred Years War Websites:
EHistory : The Hundred Years War http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/archive/hundredyearswar.cfm?CFID=6822112&CFTOKEN=81885347&jsessionid=ea304631096f2ba25105619694b7b111f241
The Hundred Years War from the English Perspective: http://www.theotherside.co.uk/tm-heritage/background/100yearswar.htm
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/hundred-years-war.htm
Medieval Sourcebook on the Hundred Years War:
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/froissart1.html
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